Global & US Headlines

Thai Airstrikes Break October Ceasefire With Cambodia Over Preah Vihear Border

On 8 Dec 2025 Thailand deployed F-16s and other aircraft to strike at least three Cambodian positions after a dawn firefight killed one Thai soldier and wounded four, effectively ending the U.S.–brokered ceasefire signed only six weeks earlier.

Focusing Facts

  1. Thai defence officials say more than 35,000 Thai civilians have been evacuated from border areas since the strikes began on 8 Dec 2025.
  2. Initial clash occurred 07:00 at Chong Bok Pass, Nam Yuen district, Ubon Ratchathani; Cambodian fire reportedly killed 1 Thai soldier and injured 4.
  3. The suspended ceasefire had been signed on 26 Oct 2025 in Kuala Lumpur, witnessed by U.S. President Trump, following July fighting that killed at least 48 and displaced ~300,000.

Context

Border skirmishes between Thailand and Cambodia flare every decade—most recently in 2011 when fighting around Preah Vihear left 28 dead and forced 85,000 villagers to flee—but the roots trace back to France’s 1907 map and the ICJ’s 1962 award of the temple to Cambodia. The 2025 airstrikes show how that century-old cartographic hangover still overrides modern ASEAN norms of non-violence and shared prosperity. Long-term, the incident tests two structural trends: (1) ASEAN’s capacity to police intra-bloc disputes without outside patrons, and (2) Washington’s attempt to convert trade leverage (tariff talks, Nobel-bait mediation) into regional security influence amid China’s quiet courtship of both militaries. If the ceasefire architecture collapses, the 35-km theatre could again spiral into a proxy-laden confrontation reminiscent of the 1979-89 Thai-Cambodian guerrilla wars, hampering regional supply chains and undermining the ‘ASEAN single market’ vision that should mature by 2065. Conversely, if negotiators resurrect the truce, this moment may be remembered less as a turning point than as yet another cyclical spike in a dispute that, without a final demarcation treaty, remains lodged like a landmine in Southeast Asia’s geopolitical terrain.

Perspectives

Thai military-aligned national media

e.g., The Nation Thailand, APA citing itPortrays the Thai air operations as a limited, rules-bound response after Cambodian troops opened fire first, stressing self-defence and the need to protect Thai civilians and soldiers. Heavily reliant on Thai Army spokespeople, it echoes Bangkok’s narrative, minimises any Thai provocation and frames Cambodia as the clear aggressor, reflecting incentive to rally domestic support and justify the use of force.

Regional and European outlets foregrounding Cambodian claims

e.g., The Irrawaddy, EuronewsLead with news that Thailand conducted airstrikes and highlight Cambodian officials’ statements that Phnom Penh did not retaliate, suggesting Thai actions escalated the border flare-up. By centring Cambodian quotations and the dramatic image of Thai warplanes, these reports may under-scrutinise Cambodia’s firing incidents and lean toward depicting Thailand as the main instigator, which heightens the conflict’s David-versus-Goliath narrative for international audiences.

International mainstream press emphasising mutual blame and ceasefire collapse

e.g., The Straits Times, The StatesmanFrames the clashes as another cycle of tit-for-tat violence after a Trump-brokered ceasefire, stressing that each side accuses the other of violating the deal and noting the long-standing territorial dispute. The drive for balance risks a ‘both-sides’ equivalence that can obscure verifiable facts on who initiated specific attacks, while the focus on high-profile mediators like the US may inflate great-power diplomacy over local realities.

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